We present serological evidence that Dirofilaria immitis was the causa
tive agent of subcutaneous nodules in two patients. ELISA and enzyme-l
inked immunoblot analysis showed that the two human sera had a reactiv
ity pattern similar to that of D. immitis rabbit immune serum. The rea
ction pattern of the human sera was very different to that of Dirofila
ria repens rabbit immune serum. In the light of our findings, the trad
itional view that subcutaneous filarial nodules are due to D. repens h
as to be revised.