Yy. Xiang et al., ALTERNATIVE FORMULATIONS FOR OPTIMAL GROUNDWATER REMEDIATION DESIGN, Journal of water resources planning and management, 121(2), 1995, pp. 171-181
This paper presents alternative formualtions of optimal pumping design
for contaminated ground-water cleanup. Remediation-efficiency indicat
ors are proposed for evaluating well performances in terms of contamin
ant removal. For a selected remediation period, the alternative object
ive functions are: (1) Total volume of the extracted and/or injected w
ater; (2) total contaminant removal; (3) total residual contaminant; a
nd (4) any weighted combination of the first and second or first and t
hird items. With the introduction of a field variable, referred to as
the temporal accumulative contaminant concentration, the contaminant r
emoval by any remediation well is computed directly by solving a tempo
ral-integrated contaminant transport equation. Ground-water-quality co
nstraints can be placed on the residual average and/or maximum concent
rations in selected aquifer zones and the concentrations at specified
locations. The state sensitivities to the injection and extraction com
ponents of the pumping rates are computed using formulations derived a
nalytically from the state simulators.