The Life Education organization offers a drug education programme to a
n estimated one million Australian primary schoolchildren. It is belie
ved the programme delays experimentation with or initiation into smoki
ng, alcohol use and the taking of analgesics. This study examined the
short-term public health effects on 3000 11- and 12-year-old students,
of whom 1700 were exposed to 5 consecutive years of the programme. Th
e other 1300 students were not exposed to the programme. After control
ling for the known predictors of social drug use there was no evidence
that Life Education students, when compared with students receiving c
onventional school-based drug education, were less likely to have smok
ed, were less likely to have drunk or were less likely to have used an
algesics. Indeed, the evidence suggested that Life Education-students
were slightly more likely to use these substances, and that the progra
mme had different effects on boys' and girls' drug use. Given that the
se findings are consistent with previous research evaluating similar d
rug education programmes, it is hypothesized they are most likely to d
o with the design of the programme itself.