The following ruthenium-catalyzed novel transformations of alkyl forma
tes have been developed: (1) selective decarbonylation of alkyl format
es to the corresponding alcohols; (2) alkylation of arenes and alkenes
using alkyl formates as an alkylating reagent via decarboxylation. Al
so the ruthenium-catalyzed addition of alcohols to alkenes has been de
veloped as an appendant reaction, providing an effective method for th
e protection of alcohols.