The social practices that have developed around the application of the
July 13, 1983 law concerning equal work opportunity between men and w
omen show that the law has been neither particularly effective nor eff
icient. This article suggests several explanations, including the chan
ges in official policy and its ambivalence, characterized by a shiftin
g frame of reference, and the distortion of the meaning of equality pr
ograms resulting from their integration into human resources managemen
t actions.