AVAILABILITY AND EXTRACTION OF FOREST PRODUCTS IN MANAGED AND PRIMARYFOREST AROUND A DAYAK VILLAGE IN WEST KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA

We examined the density and abundance of marketable products in manage d forest (rubber gardens fruit gardens, and dry rice fallows) and in p rimary forest surrounding the Dayak village of Kembera, near Gunung Pa lung National Park, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. We calculated the prop ortion of trees that were marketable and useful for local consumption by counting and identifying trees in each mannged forest type and we d ocumented extraction of products through interviews. Villagers harvest ed four marketable tree products: tengkawang seeds (Shorea stenoptera) , durian fruits (various Durio spp.), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), and timber, especially Bornean ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri). We inven toried trees at least 20 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) of markete d species from 0.4-ha plots in primary forest (n = 8) and from 0.1-ha plots in each managed forest type (n = 10-11). With the exception of t imber the density of trees producing a marketable product was signific antly higher in the forest type managed for that product than the dens ity of the marketed species, or of similar wild species, in primary fo rest. Total abundance (product of density and available area) of duria n and tengkawang wets greater in primary forest; however, villagers ga thered these products only from mannged forest. We infer from this cho ice a greater efficiency of harvesting from trees in dense stands near the village. Historically, this choice resulted in deliberate develop ment of fruit gardens in preference or in addition to gathering from t he more distant; primary forest. Because of low product density in pri mary forest, extractive forest reserves or buffer zones designed to en courage the production of fruits such as tengkawang or durian may not provide a sufficient incentive for the protection of primary forest ar ound Kembera and other Dayak villages near Gunung Palung National Park .