B. Gao et al., A SITE-DIRECTED MUTANT OF CU,ZN-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE MODELED AFTER NATIVE EXTRACELLULAR-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, Biological trace element research, 47(1-3), 1995, pp. 95-100
The well-studied cytosolic Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects a
gainst reperfusion injury although its short (6 min) plasma half-life
and negative charge create undesirable pharmacokinetics. We have desig
ned, cloned, and expressed a genetic variant of SOD with altered pharm
acological properties. A fusion gene consisting of the entire coding r
egion of human SOD followed by a positively charged carboxy-terminal (
C-terminal) ''tail'' of eight glycine and six arginine residues was co
nstructed. The tail was modeled after the extracellular SOD (EC-SOD) C
-terminal 26-amino acid basic peptide. This EC SOD tail binds to hepar
in-like proteoglycans on cell surfaces and contributes to the enzyme's
very long (30 h) plasma clearance time. After expression in Escherich
ia coli, the mutant enzyme was purified and characterized. No differen
ces in specific activity or UV absorption spectrum between the mutant
and the native enzyme were found. The thermal stability of the fusion
protein was greater than that of native SOD. Although native SOD has n
o affinity for heparin, the modified enzyme bound to a heparin-agarose
column. A ''designer'' SOD able to bind to cell surfaces may aid in t
he prevention of superoxide-mediated endothelial damage.