Objective: To polysomnographically determine, using split-screen elect
roencephalographic-video analysis, the cause of violent sleep-related
activity in a patient whose differential diagnosis includes sleep walk
ing (somnambulism), paver incubus (adult night terrors), nocturnal sei
zures, psychogenic wandering, and rapid eye movement sleep behavior di
sorder. Setting: The patient was referred to the University of Iowa, D
epartment of Neurology Sleep Disorders Center, Iowa City, from the loc
al community to evaluate a history of violent dreams associated with i
njury. The subject presented with a subdural hemorrhage that was disco
vered with magnetic resonance imaging, Outcome: The diagnosis of rapid
eye movement sleep behavior disorder was confirmed after a characteri
stic spell of violent behavior, with an associated dream, was captured
polysomnographically.