Review: The diffusion and location of guests in zeolite frameworks can
be studied in-situ using Raman spectroscopy. For example, the locatio
n and orientation of crown ethers (e.g. Na+18C6, see figure) used as t
emplates in the synthesis of faujasite polymorphs can be studied in th
e framework they have helped to form, and the subsequent calcination p
rocess leading to the final zeolite can also be followed using the tec
hnique.