A case of peritoneal mesothelioma discovered during laparotomy for asc
ites is reported. A long-term survival of 5 years was observed with co
mbined treatment: surgery and chemotherapy. Peritoneal mesothelioma is
a rare neoplasm often related to asbestos exposure and its prognosis
is poor. No laboratory test other than histologic examination is speci
fic for the diagnosis. Combined treatment with radiotherapy and chemot
herapy seems to improve the survival rate.