We used laparoscopy, to treat a case of primary retroperitoneal mucino
us cystadenoma. This tumours is rarely encountered and has been report
ed in 22 cases in the literature. The histogenesis is uncertain. Diagn
osis is never made preoperatively since primary retroperitoneal mucino
us cystadenomas are usually mistaken for cystic lymphangiomas of the r
etroperitoneum. Surgery is the only treatment. Laparoscopic surgery ca
n be used only if the cystadenocarcinomatous nature of the tumour is r
uled out.