THE SURFACE-STATE OF COPPER-NICKEL CEMENT CATALYSTS IN THE PROCESS OFHEAVY RESIDUE CRACKING

It was shown using XRD and thermovacuum electroconductivity (TVE) tech niques that CuO-NiO cement (talume) catalysts undergo an irreversible transformation in the course of cracking of heavy oil residue. After r egeneration, the active oxides at the surface are shown to be less dis persed than in the starting catalysts. The coke formed during the cata lytic reaction, can be removed easily from the surface of the catalyst with a high cement content (65%). On the other hand, at a low cement content (20%), the coke is held strongly by the surface and remains in the catalyst even after regeneration.