SCREENING EXAMINATIONS FOR UROLOGICAL MAL IGNANCIES

Urological malignancies are curable provided they are diagnosed at an early stage. Early diagnosis of testicular and penile tumors is possib le by clinical examination alone. Bladder cancer can be suspected by t he patient's medical history and by urinalysis. Using abdominal ultras ound, most cases of early stage renal carcinoma may be detected. Prost ate cancer is currently subject of screening studies. The efficacy of screening for prostate cancer with respect to a reduction of mortality , however, awaits further confirmation in prospective randomized trial s.