The lattice of magnetic flux lines that can permeate a type ii superco
nductor, such as the high-transition-temperature copper oxide material
s, melts from a solid-like stale to a liquid-like state at a temperatu
re below the superconducting transition temperature. Contrary to the p
redictions of mean-field theory, this phase transition in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O
8 is found to be first-order. The vortex liquid discontinuously expand
s on freezing.