Site-directed mutagenesis and Laue diffraction data to 2.5 Angstrom re
solution were used to solve the structures of two sequential intermedi
ates formed during the catalytic actions of isocitrate dehydrogenase.
Both intermediates are distinct from the enzyme-substrate and enzyme-p
roduct complexes. Mutation of key catalytic residues changed the rate
determining steps so that protein and substrate intermediates within t
he overall reaction pathway could be visualized.