POSITION AND ORIENTATION IN-SPACE OF BONES DURING MOVEMENT - ANATOMICAL FRAME DEFINITION AND DETERMINATION

This paper deals with methodological problems related to the reconstru ction of the position and orientation of the human pelvis and the lowe r limb bones in space during the execution of locomotion and physical exercises using a stereophotogrammetric system. The intention is to pr oduce a means of quantitative description of joint kinematics and dyna mics for both research and application. Anatomical landmarks and bone- embedded anatomical reference systems are defined. A contribution is g iven to definition of variables and relevant terminology. The concept of anatomical landmark calibration is introduced and relevant experime ntal approaches presented. The problem of data sharing is also address ed. This material is submitted to the scientific community for conside ration as a basis for standardization.