Duodenums exposed to above threshold gastric acid secretion may ulcera
te if infected with Helicobacter pylori. Duodenal ulcers can be healed
by suppressing acid secretion medically or surgically; their recurren
ce can be prevented by lifelong antisecretory drugs or by an elective
vagotomy. However, duodenal and gastric ulcers can now be healed, and
recurrence prevented, without operation by eradication of H. pylori.