A 7.2 mm notochordal-length larva of Parataeniophorus brevis is descri
bed and illustrated from the fifth and the smallest specimen, collecte
d near Hawaii. This larva is compared to all other described species o
f the family Mirapinnatidae, and is unique in having the unpaired fin
rays developing in the finfold. The three species of Parataeniophorus
can be distinguished on the basis of the number of dorsal-fin and anal
-fin rays: bertelseni, 18-20 and 16-18: brevis, 13-16 and 13-15; gulos
us 28-33 and 23-29, respectively.