The future of the race concept depends in part upon the interpretation
s made of the molecular, biochemical, and anatomical evidence for the
recent origins of Homo sapiens. Evidence of the decline of the concept
among physical anthropology professors and in texts and research publ
ications is presented, along with four reasons for the change. Three m
odels regarding recent human origins are reviewed, each of which uses
race as a descriptive term for a population aggregate. Each model carr
ies implications that could strengthen or weaken the racial interpreta
tion of human origins and the race concept. The phylogenetic status of
Home erectus outside of Africa is contingent in part upon the outcome
of this debate.