BLOOD-PRESSURE VIA TELEMETRY DURING SOCIAL CONFRONTATIONS IN RATS - EFFECTS OF CLONIDINE

Male Long-Evans rats were implanted with blood pressure transmitters a nd introduced as intruders for 60 min into the home cage of a reproduc tively active resident male rat. Physical interaction ended after 3-5 min when the intruder displayed clear submissive behaviors. A protecti ve wire cage was placed over the intruder until the animal was returne d to its home cage. Systolic (+29.3 +/- 3.6 mmHg) and diastolic (+25.7 +/- 3.7 mmHg) blood pressures, pulse pressure (+7.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg), an d heart rate (+129.0 +/- 12.6 BPM) peaked in the intruder rats during the defeat and did not fully return to control levels until return to the home cage. These acute changes as well as the heart rate and blood pressure baselines did not change when the confrontations were repeat ed on alternating days for a maximum of three trials per week. Pretrea tment with clonidine (0.01, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.1 mg/kg) led to a dose-d ependent decrease in the heart rate response but blood pressure was re duced similarly for all doses. We conclude that acute ''defeat'' can l ead to an abrupt, large increase in blood pressure and heart rate in n ormotensive, Long-Evans rats that is sustained even in the absence of physical contact with the threatening resident. This response is dimin ished but not prevented by administration of clonidine.