We experienced a patient who suffered noncardiogenic acute pulmonary e
dema after transfusion of packed red blood cells which contained antig
ranulocyte antibodies. The data suggested that complement activation a
nd the release of polymorphonuclear protease were involved in the path
ogenesis of the complication in the present patient. Furthermore, bloo
d coagulative system was also activated after the transfusion. The und
erlying mechanisms of the complication are discussed.