When investigating the orbital stability of non-linear stochastic syst
ems, two forms of first-approximation systems (with noise of types I a
nd II) are considered. The P-stability of first-approximation systems
is defined. A necessary and sufficient condition for P-stability is th
at the Lyapunov matrix differential equation should possess a periodic
solution. An equivalent form is proposed for this criterion, using wh
ich one can reduce the problem of stability for stochastic systems to
determining the spectral radius of a certain positive operator. When t
hat is done, lower (upper) bounds for the spectral radius yield necess
ary (sufficient) conditions for stability. The possibilities of obtain
ing constructive estimates are demonstrated for a system with one type
II noise. A parametric stability criterion, which is a stochastic ana
logue of the well-known Poincare criterion, is given for a two-dimensi
onal system (the spectral radius is found in explicit form). Copyright
(C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.