Central to our current understanding of heart failure is the concept t
hat compensatory mechanisms that maintain blood pressure and perfusion
ultimately contribute to worsening of ventricular function. Studies o
f the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients w
ith heart failure are consistent with this paradigm. This manuscript d
escribes a 2,800-patient randomized trial that will definitively deter
mine whether sympathetic nervous system antagonism with a beta blocker
prolongs the life of patients with moderate to severe heart failure.