Much of what we believed about the functional anatomy of the human vis
ual system had been derived from studying individual patients with cer
ebral lesions, and from the experimental animal. Now there are a numbe
r of imaging techniques capable of studying functional neuroanatomy in
normal subjects. Initial experiments have generally been simple, ofte
n descriptive and exploratory. As the techniques have matured and our
experience increased, the experiments have become more novel. They hav
e led to hypotheses that may be tested in other experimental framework
s. Functional imaging techniques now take their place alongside other
methods used for research on vision.