Purpose. Classically, acute and chronic inflammations are characterize
d by fibrin deposition and a dynamic influx of leukocytes. This leukoc
yte recruitment, and associated activation, is thought to be dependent
on the generation of leukocyte chemotactic factors (LCF). Although th
e functional existence of LCF in ocular tissue has been demonstrated,
the identity, source(s), and mechanisms of induction of these LCF are
unclear. The authors investigate the hypothesis that in vitro corneal
endothelial cells produce LCF in response to fibrin-induced activation
. They further hypothesize that in vivo this fibrin-induced expression
of LCF contributes to the leukocyte accumulation associated with ocul
ar injury. Methods. Bovine corneal endothelial cells (BCEC) were cocul
tured for 3 to 72 hours with physiologic concentrations of highly puri
fied fibrin (0.125 to 2.0 mg/ml) polymerized in situ. At harvest, the
conditioned medium was separated from the fibrin matrix by centrifugat
ion and characterized for the presence and nature of polymorphonuclear
leukocyte chemotactic activity. This fibrin-induced LCF was compared
to known LCF, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), using standard physical, c
hemical, and immunologic parameters. Results. Conditioned medium from
fibrin-treated BCEC exhibited a dose- and time-dependent induction of
LCF activity, as verified by checkerboard analysis. This LCF activity
was not immunoprecipitated by a polyclonal antibody to bovine fibrinog
en, and it was heat stable (60 degrees C, 90 minutes) and protease lab
ile. Isoelectric focusing and gel filtration analysis revealed a major
peak of chemotactic activity at pH 8.5 to 9.0 and a molecular weight
of 10 kd, respectively. Radioimmunoassay of conditioned medium from fi
brin-treated BCEC for IL-8 demonstrated an IL-fold increase in IL-8 an
tigen for fibrin-treated BCEC compared to control BCEC. Conclusion. In
vitro, fibrin induces BCEC expression of LCF activity that includes I
L-8. In vivo, this fibrin induction of LCF from corneal endothelial ce
lls probably serves to control both leukocyte recruitment and activati
on within the anterior chamber in general and to corneal endothelium i
n particular. These studies provide a foundation for understanding the
nature, sources, and mechanisms of the LCF generation that contribute
s to endocular inflammation.