Ka. Giuliano et al., FLUORESCENT PROTEIN BIOSENSORS - MEASUREMENT OF MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS INLIVING CELLS, Annual review of biophysics and biomolecular structure, 24, 1995, pp. 405-434
A new generation of reagents that report on specific molecular events
in living cells, called fluorescent protein biosensors, has evolved fr
om in vitro fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescent analogue cytoche
mistry. Creative designs of fluorescent protein biosensors to measure
the molecular dynamics of macromolecules, metabolites, and ions in sin
gle cells emerge from the integrative use of contemporary synthetic or
ganic chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Future advances
in fluorescent probe design, computer-driven optical instrumentation,
and software will allow us to engineer endogenous cellular components
that localize and function as reporters of their activities, thus movi
ng molecular measurement beyond the single cell to living tissues and
the whole organism.