In examining the heterogeneity of symptomatology in schizophrenia, sev
eral theoretical models have been advanced. These models are useful in
understanding the psychopathology of the disease, as well as possibly
guiding treatment and determining prognosis. This paper discusses the
two-syndrome and three-syndrome models for the primary symptoms of sc
hizophrenia and their relationship to other symptoms often encountered
. In addition, their significance and relevance for treatment are expl
ored.