M. Shi et al., PARTICLE-EMISSION INDUCED BY IONIZATION TRACKS IN WATER ICE, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms, 96(3-4), 1995, pp. 524-529
We study electron emission and sputtering during irradiation of amorph
ous water ice at 60 K by H+, D+, He+, Li+, Be+, B+, C+, N+, O+, F+, an
d Ne+ ions in the energy range from 10 to 100 keV. We find that for co
nstant velocity (5 keV/amu); ions the dependence of the sputtering yie
lds with projectile atomic number Z is proportional to the square of t
he Z-dependence of the electronic stopping power dE/dx, using dE/dx va
lues predicted by Yarlagadda, Robinson, and Brandt. The electron yield
s increase sublinearly with dE/dx, indicating the strong influence of
un-neutralized holes in the ionization track produced by the projectil
es.