SPECIFICITY OF PREVENTATIVE PEDIATRIC INTERVENTION EFFECTS IN EARLY INFANCY

The efficacy of two contrasting short term preventative interventions administered to a heterogeneous sample of new mothers during the perin atal period was evaluated. The first was infant-centered and used the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) as a method of h ighlighting newborn behavior to new mothers. The second was mother-cen tered and consisted of an in-depth interview focused on the mothers' c oncerns about parenting. Mothers were randomized into groups and were administered intervention by experienced clinicians at 3 days in the h ospital and again at 14 and 30 days at home. Effects of intervention o n maternal reports of parenting stress, mother-infant interactive beha vior, and infant developmental quotient were evaluated at 4 months inf ant age. It was hypothesized that participation in the infant-centered intervention would be related to more positive maternal and infant ou tcomes at 4 months. It was also expected that the impact of each inter vention would be moderated by differences in maternal and infant risk and parity. Hierarchical multiple regressions controlling for risk and parity yielded no significant main effects of intervention at 4 month s. However, significant interactions of intervention with parity and r isk were observed, indicating that intervention was beneficial for spe cific groups of mothers. These data suggest that early intervention sh ould be tailored to the needs of individual groups of mothers.