The present knowledge on the structural systematics of the 4f and 5f e
lements is reviewed with emphasis on recent new results concerning the
structures of the high-pressure phases Sm-V and Nd-IV and the distort
ed fee structure typical of all the ''regular'' 4f and heavier 5f elem
ents at intermediate pressures. Relationships between crystal structur
es and electronic configurations are discussed also from the point of
view of being able to make predictions for new high-pressure phases.