Jr. Valentine et Ra. Decker, A LAGRANGIAN-EULERIAN SCHEME FOR FLOW AROUND AN AIRFOIL IN RAIN, International journal of multiphase flow, 21(4), 1995, pp. 639-648
In the interest of assessing airfoil performance in rain, a Lagrangian
particle tracking algorithm for a general body-fitted co-ordinate sys
tem has been developed and linked with a thin layer incompressible Nav
ier-Stokes code. Non-deforming spherical particles are tracked through
the two-dimensional, incompressible air how field surrounding a NACA
64-210 airfoil section. Each tracked particle represents a distributio
n of raindrops. Impacts on the airfoil surface and the resulting splas
hback are modeled, and the steady state fluid field and droplet distri
bution are determined utilizing an iterative, two-way momentum coupled
approach. Details of the splashback effect on the boundary layer are
examined. A 1-2 degrees rain-induced decrease in stall angle of attack
is predicted.