DETECTION OF ENTERIC ADENOVIRUSES IN SOUTH-AFRICAN WATERS USING GENE PROBES

Gene probes developed locally for both enteric Adenoviruses 40 and 41 were used to determine whether these viruses were present in both raw and treated waters. Approximately sixty water samples were concentrate d by ultrafiltration and analysed directly for the presence of enteric adenoviruses. Three pretreatment techniques, namely sephadex columns, cellulose fibre and Geneclean(TM) were tested for the removal of inhi bitory substances from concentrated water samples. The effect of chlor ine treatment on viral detection using gene probe hybridization was al so examined by exposing adenoviruses to chlorine concentrations of up to 20mg/l for 1 hour. Enteric adenoviruses were detected in up to 59% of both raw and treated waters analysed, Cellulose fibre and Geneclean (TM) were found to successfully remove inhibitory substances from conc entrated raw waters. Viral I NA was detected after exposure to a range of chlorine concentrations indicating that the viruses detected in th e treated waters may have been inactivated virus particles.