The aim of this article is to present some general concepts about opti
mization and methods of application pertinent to engineering practice.
In spite of more general applications, for the sake of clearness, att
ention will be addressed to the optimization of structures, with the a
im of reflecting on the general features of the problems of optimal de
sign. Making reference to new trends in structural optimization, analy
tical and numerical methods will be presented and discussed and their
use will be explained through some sample applications.