We report two cases of renal amyloidosis associated with mesenteric an
d mediastinal Castleman disease of plasma cell type. Computed tomograp
hic (CT) scan revealed a mesenteric mass with multiple nodal enlargeme
nt in one patient and a right paratracheal mass with irregular central
calcifications in the second patient. Renal ultrasonography (US) show
ed increased echogenicity of the renal parenchyma with prominent medul
las. Doppler waveform obtained in the kidney associated with mesenteri
c disease showed complete absence of diastolic how signal, although it
was normal in the patient with mediastinal disease. Recognition of Ca
stleman disease as the cause of renal amyloidosis and the understandin
g of CT and US findings of this entity are important for the managemen
t, as well as its diagnosis.