INTRAVENOUS CIPROFLOXACIN AS TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH ACUTE SUPPURATIVE CHOLANGITIS - A RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL

One hundred consecutive patients with acute suppurative cholangitis we re randomized in a prospective, controlled clinical trial to receive e ither ciprofloxacin (200 mg bd iv) or triple therapy comprising ceftaz idime (1 g bd iv), ampicillin (500 mg qds iv) and metronidazole (500 m g tds iv); 46 and 44 patients in the ciprofloxacin and triple therapy groups respectively were suitable for inclusion in the analysis of eff icacy. In two-thirds of the patients biliary obstruction was caused by ductal calculi and in one-third by malignant or benign strictures of the biliary tract. Bacteraemia was documented in 38% of patients in th e ciprofloxacin group and in 34% of patients in the triple therapy gro up, while bile cultures were positive in 87% and 92% of patients in th e ciprofloxacin and triple therapy groups respectively. Escherichia co il, Klebsiella spp. and Enterococcus spp. were the most common biliary isolates. Eighty-five per cent of evaluable patients in the ciproflox acin group and 77% of those in the triple therapy group responded to t herapy. The mean durations of fever, septicaemic shock and hospitaliza tion were also similar in the two treatment groups. Six (13%) patients in the ciprofloxacin group and seven (16%) in the triple therapy grou p required urgent endoscopy or surgery for uncontrolled infection. Rec urrence of fever after an initial response was documented in one (2%) patient receiving ciprofloxacin and in three (7%) patients receiving t riple therapy. The incidences of mortality were 4% in the ciprofloxaci n group and 2% in the triple therapy group. The results of this study suggest that ciprofloxacin alone is adequate empirical therapy for pat ients with cholangitis.