ANALYSIS OF PROGRAMMABLE ULTRASHORT WAVE-FORM GENERATION USING LIQUID-CRYSTAL SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATORS

A rigorous analysis of ultrashort pulse shaping by the spectral filter ing of dispersed frequency components is presented. Particular attenti on is directed toward the case of two liquid-crystal spatial light mod ulators used to provide programmable manipulation of both the phase an d the amplitude profiles of the shaped waveform in the time domain. Di fferent optical configurations are evaluated and their theoretical and practical effects determined. An important result is that, even with optimal alignment and components, the diffraction-arising from spectra l filtering necessarily produces a transverse spatial shift that varie s linearly along the temporal profile of the shaped waveform. Despite this effect it is shown that the technique can generate arbitrary phas e and amplitude temporal profiles (subject to limitations in temporal extent and temporal resolution) for the Gaussian spatial component of the shaped output waveform.