Previous studies have shown that the septohippocampal projection devel
ops in vitro. It remained unclear, however, whether this in vitro proj
ection resulted from axonal regeneration of septal neurons transected
by the culture preparation, or from a priori outgrowth of undamaged ce
lls that had not yet sent an axonal process to the hippocampus at the
time of tissue preparation, Here we have prepared slice cultures of id
entified septohippocampal projection neurons that were retrogradely la
beled by hippocampal tracer injection prior to slice preparation. We d
emonstrate that these identified projection neurons survive axotomy ca
used by culture preparation, are able to regrow an axonal process in v
itro, and innervate a co-cultured hippocampal slice.