METHODS OF INTERFACE MODIFICATION OF MICELLES AND HOW TO MONITOR BY ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE AND ELECTRON-SPIN ECHO MODULATION SPECTROSCOPIES

Electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) is a pulsed electron spin resonan ce method that enables measurements of weak electron-nuclear dipolar i nteractions in solid systems. Measurement of these interactions is imp ortant since they allow determination of small distance changes in the environment of paramagnetic species. Application of this technique ha s been particularly fruitful for studying molecular locations in froze n micellar systems. This educational, noncomprehensive review describe s the ESEM technique; how it has been utilized to study the locations of photoionizable molecules in micelles; and how these locations are a ffected by modification of the micellar interface. Selected examples a re discussed to facilitate understanding by those unfamiliar with this area. The payoff is enhanced understanding of how photoinduced charge separation can be controlled in heterogeneous systems such as micelle s which may lead to practical light energy storage systems.