Conserving biological diversity requires a major effort in conducting
survey and inventories, establishing priorities, selecting protected a
reas, managing resources and monitoring the effects of management. Sys
tematics has an important contribution to make to each of these five m
ajor activities. Further, the new Convention on Biological Diversity r
equires systematics information to support action under virtually all
of its substantive conservation and sustainable use articles. It seems
apparent that large reference collections contribute directly to deve
lopment, and development assistance agencies should recognize that inv
esting in maintaining these collections is a legitimate form of develo
pment assistance.