ROOT MEAN-SQUARE ANISOTROPY IN THE COBE DMR 4-YEAR SKY MAPS

The sky rms is the simplest model-independent characterization of a co smological anisotropy signal. We show that the rms temperature fluctua tions determined from the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR) 4 yr sky maps are frequency independent, consistent with the Planckia n spectrum expected for the cosmic microwave background signal and the refore with the hypothesis that they are cosmological in origin. The t ypical rms amplitude is similar to 35 +/- 2 mu K at 7 degrees and simi lar to 29 +/- 1 mu K at 10 degrees. An analysis of the rms anisotropy determined from the data in both Galactic and ecliptic coordinates is used to determine the rms quadrupole normalization, Q(rms-PS), for a s cale-invariant Harrison-Zeldovich power-law model. Corrections are app lied for small biases observed in the likelihood analysis. While there are variations depending on the data selection, all results are consi stent with a Q(rms-PS) normalization of similar to 18 +/- 2 mu K. This is also shown to be true for a ''standard'' cold dark matter model of cosmological anisotropy. The difference in the normalization amplitud es derived when the quadrupole is either included or excluded from the analysis is attributable to contamination of the observed sky quadrup ole by foreground Galactic emission.