For routine communication, care providers still mainly rely on paper d
ocuments and paper mail. Evidence exists, however, that this communica
tion can be improved, both by a better content of information exchange
and by a more timely deliverance of this information. At present, sev
eral alternatives to paper-based communication are available, such as
the Fax, the Smart Card, electronic mail, and electronic data intercha
nge. This paper describes existing communication problems, and examine
s the current state of development and research aimed at improving thi
s communication using electronic communication techniques that are gra
dually replacing paper-based communication. Applicability and shortcom
ings of these new techniques are also discussed.