RESPONSIBLE ANIMAL RESEARCH - A RIFF OF RS

The Three Rs, reduction, refinement and replacement, were introduced i n 1959 by Russell & Burch in their important publication The Principle s of Humane Experimental Technique. These Three Rs are now collectivel y referred to as alternatives. Using the letter R, we have developed a n expanded list of Rs not only to stimulate our own thinking, but to e ncourage others to examine the issue of alternatives in animal researc h.