DEVELOPMENT OF SUBSTANCE-P IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN THE MOUSE VOMERONASAL ORGAN

We investigated the development of substance P immunoreactivity in mou se vomeronasal organs in embryos, juveniles, and adults. In all stages , substance P fibers were found in the receptor-free epithelial area, but never in the neuroepithelium. Substance P fibers were found sparse ly in the lamina propria of 15-day-old embryos. Although buds of the v omeronasal glands in the cavernous tissue were observed in 17-day-old embryos, and gradually grew in size and numbers, the substance P fiber s around them decreased after about the 13th day. Thus, substance P ma y be a trophic factor for the development of the vomeronasal glands in the cavernous tissue. We first recognized substance P fibers reaching the surface of the receptor-free epithelium in 13-day-old pups. In 21 -day-old mice, substance P fibers were as well developed as in adult m ice. Considering the development of the substance P fibers in the rece ptor-free epithelium and the cavernous tissue, they probably cause the vasodilation of the cavernous tissue via local axon reflexes. These s tructures may then act as a defense system, eliminating noxious stimul us substances sucked into the vomeronasal organ.