This paper presents an overview of an established artificial intellige
nce (AI) technology, as are traditional knowledge-based systems (KBSs)
, reviews their features, and attempts to put them in perspective as t
o their demonstrated and potential usefulness, apparent limitations, a
nd main areas of application, with an emphasis on real-time process co
ntrol. The focus is an eminently applied one, thought to be of use to
the practicing engineer interested in formulating a set of intelligent
criteria for evaluating competing alternatives among KBS development
tools; as such, relevant theoretical issues, while briefly discussed,
are not addressed in depth, nor are black-box alternatives to tradiona
l expert systems, such as artificial neural networks (ANNs) or genetic
algorithms (GAs).