AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE EXTENT OF POSSIBLE DILUTION OF SPECIMENS RECEIVED FOR URINARY DRUGS OF ABUSE SCREENING

Recent American and Swedish studies have shown an increase in ''false' ' negative results when analysing dilute urine specimens for drugs of abuse. In the Eight of these studies, it was decided to perform a pilo t study to determine the extent of possible specimen adulteration and dilution in a random batch of 50 urine specimens presented to this lab oratory, using creatinine, osmolality, pH and relative density. It was found that 20% of the specimens were outside the pH range associated with the optimum working of Syva EMIT Drugs of Abuse in Urine (DAU) im munoassay screening techniques, and that if the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) recognized dilution cut-off of 1.8 mmol/L for urine creatinine concentration is applied, 84% of the specimens surveyed her e would need to be repeated to ensure accurate results. Because of the se findings, it is recommended that routine creatinine and pH estimati ons should be performed an all specimens submitted for urinary drugs o f abuse screening, or at least when unexpectedly negative results are obtained.