G. Rousselet et al., COPPER-INDUCED SYNTHESIS OF IMINIUMS - TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDATION OR AMINE N-OXIDE CONVERSION, Tetrahedron letters, 36(28), 1995, pp. 4999-5002
The (ClCuOCuCl)-O-II-Cl-II reagent as well as the O-2/(CuOAc)-O-I syst
em oxidize trimethylamine 1a into N,N-dimethyliminium 3a, characterize
d by its phenolic adduct 5a. This reaction appears to be a biomimetic
model for laccase or human ceruloplasmin activity towards tertiary ami
nes. Amine N-oxides 2a-c react with Cu-I or Cu-II salts to give iminiu
ms 3a-c, likewise trapped in good yields.