4-CONTRAST DEFECOGRAPHY - PELVIC FLOOR-OSCOPY

PURPOSE: This study was designed to determine the accuracy of physical examination (as judged by four-contrast defecography) for women with pelvic floor relaxation disorders. METHODS: Sixty-two women (mean age, 59 years) who had obstructed defecation or constipation, vaginal prol apse, urinary difficulty, or pelvic pain underwent four-contrast defec ography. Oral, vaginal, bladder, and rectal contrast were administered selectively and fluoroscopy was performed. Radiographic findings were compared with physical examination diagnosis. RESULTS: Four-contrast defecography changed the diagnosis in 46 patients (75 percent); 26 per cent of presumed cystoceles, 36 percent of enteroceles, and 25 percent of rectoceles were not present on defecography. Defecography also rev ealed unsuspected coexisting defects in addition to known abnormalitie s detected on physical examination. In contrast, when physical examina tion was negative for these defects, 63 percent of patients were found to have cystoceles, 46 percent to have enteroceles, and 73 percent to have rectoceles on four-contrast defecography. The discovery of Grade 2 or 3 unsuspected abnormalities was significant, especially so for e nteroceles. For posterior vaginal eversions extending to or past the i ntroitus, physical examination was accurate in only 61 percent. Physic al examination of large anterior defects was more accurate, with 74 pe rcent of patients being correctly diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: Physical exa mination diagnosis of pelvic floor relaxation disorders is frequently inaccurate, especially for large vaginal eversions. Four-contrast defe cography improves diagnostic accuracy, helps to identify all pelvic fl oor defects before surgery, and can assist with planning the correct o perative approach.