Gs. Wright et al., SELF-CONSISTENT MODELING OF THE ELECTROHYDRODYNAMICS OF A CONDUCTIVE MENISCUS, IEEE transactions on industry applications, 31(4), 1995, pp. 768-777
A complete self-consistent model has been developed for the motion of
a conductive liquid surface on a capillary orifice, under an applied e
lectric field. The model uses a quasi-one-dimensional hydrodynamic for
mulation and a two-dimensional axisymmetric boundary element solution
for electric field. The model permits simulation of meniscus behavior
with time-varying electric excitation or pressure. Results for resonan
ce behavior and drop emission are presented, with experimental results
for comparison.