Interferon-gamma has pleiotropic adjuvant effects on host defenses. Th
ese effects have made interferon-gamma particularly useful for enhanci
ng host defenses in patients with chronic granulomatous disease of chi
ldhood and thus for reducing the incidence of life-threatening infecti
ons in these patients. Increasingly, data suggest that interferon-gamm
a will be useful for treating infections characterized by intracellula
r persistence in macrophages, such as toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, an
d mycobacteriosis. Interferon-gamma is emerging as an important cytoki
ne for use in the treatment of infectious diseases.