AUTOMOBILE RADIATOR ANTIFREEZE AND WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID AS IBA CARRIERS FOR ROOTING WOODY CUTTINGS

Terminal stem cuttings of four evergreens [arborvitae (Thuja occidenta lis L.), 'Calgary Carpet' juniper (Juniperus sabina L.), 'Hetzii' juni per (Juniperus virginiana L.), and Tamarix juniper (Juniperus sabina L .)] and four deciduous {Amur maple (Acer ginnala Maxim.), common lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.), ninebark [Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim.] , and viburnum (Viburnum farreri Stearn)} woody landscape shrubs were treated with 0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, or 0.8% IBA mixed in talc or with 0%, 0.2 5%, 0.5%, 1.0%, or 1.5% IBA dissolved in 95% ethanol, radiator antifre eze (95% ethylene glycol), or windshield washer fluid (47.5% methanol) ; None of the carriers were phytotoxic to the cuttings. Cuttings treat ed with IBA in radiator antifreeze or windshield washer fluid produced rooting in most taxa similar to those treated with IBA in ethanol. Cu ttings of the evergreen taxa produced more roots with liquid than with talc IBA at similar concentration ranges, There were some differences in rooting performance (expressed in terms of percent rooting, mean r oot count per rooted cutting, and length of the longest root per cutti ng) of taxa to solvents and IBA concentrations, However, such differen ces, if any, were generally small or commercially insignificant, excep t for ninebark, which rooted optimally with no TEA and exhibited a lar ge reduction in percent rooting with increasing IBA concentrations in windshield washer fluid. Chemical name used: indolebutyric acid (IBA).